# @(#)africa    8.1
# <pre>

# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
# tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future).

# From Paul Eggert (1999-03-22):
#
# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
# Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (5th edition),
# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1999).
#
# Gwillim Law writes that a good source
# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
# published semiannually.  Law sent in several helpful summaries
# of the IATA's data after 1990.
#
# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks is the source for entries through 1990,
# and IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990.
#
# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which
# I found in the UCLA library.
#
# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
#
# Previous editions of this database used WAT, CAT, SAT, and EAT
# for +0:00 through +3:00, respectively,
# but Mark R V Murray reports that
# `SAST' is the official abbreviation for +2:00 in the country of South Africa,
# `CAT' is commonly used for +2:00 in countries north of South Africa, and
# `WAT' is probably the best name for +1:00, as the common phrase for
# the area that includes Nigeria is ``West Africa''.
# He has heard of ``Western Sahara Time'' for +0:00 but can find no reference.
#
# To make things confusing, `WAT' seems to have been used for -1:00 long ago;
# I'd guess that this was because people needed _some_ name for -1:00,
# and at the time, far west Africa was the only major land area in -1:00.
# This usage is now obsolete, as the last use of -1:00 on the African
# mainland seems to have been 1976 in Western Sahara.
#
# To summarize, the following abbreviations seem to have some currency:
#       -1:00   WAT     West Africa Time (no longer used)
#        0:00   GMT     Greenwich Mean Time
#        2:00   CAT     Central Africa Time
#        2:00   SAST    South Africa Standard Time
# and Murray suggests the following abbreviation:
#        1:00   WAT     West Africa Time
# I realize that this leads to `WAT' being used for both -1:00 and 1:00
# for times before 1976, but this is the best I can think of
# until we get more information.
#
# I invented the following abbreviations; corrections are welcome!
#        2:00   WAST    West Africa Summer Time
#        2:30   BEAT    British East Africa Time (no longer used)
#        2:44:45 BEAUT  British East Africa Unified Time (no longer used)
#        3:00   CAST    Central Africa Summer Time (no longer used)
#        3:00   SAST    South Africa Summer Time (no longer used)
#        3:00   EAT     East Africa Time
#        4:00   EAST    East Africa Summer Time (no longer used)

# Algeria
# Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
Rule    Algeria 1916    only    -       Jun     14      23:00s  1:00    S
Rule    Algeria 1916    1919    -       Oct     Sun<=7  23:00s  0       -
Rule    Algeria 1917    only    -       Mar     24      23:00s  1:00    S
Rule    Algeria 1918    only    -       Mar      9      23:00s  1:00    S
Rule    Algeria 1919    only    -       Mar      1      23:00s  1:00    S
Rule    Algeria 1920    only    -       Feb     14      23:00s  1:00    S
Rule    Algeria 1920    only    -       Oct     23      23:00s  0       -
Rule    Algeria 1921    only    -       Mar     14      23:00s  1:00    S
Rule    Algeria 1921    only    -       Jun     21      23:00s  0       -
Rule    Algeria 1939    only    -       Sep     11      23:00s  1:00    S
Rule    Algeria 1939    only    -       Nov     19       1:00   0       -
Rule    Algeria 1944    1945    -       Apr     Mon<=7   2:00   1:00    S
Rule    Algeria 1944    only    -       Oct      8       2:00   0       -
Rule    Algeria 1945    only    -       Sep     16       1:00   0       -
Rule    Algeria 1971    only    -       Apr     25      23:00s  1:00    S
Rule    Algeria 1971    only    -       Sep     26      23:00s  0       -
Rule    Algeria 1977    only    -       May      6       0:00   1:00    S
Rule    Algeria 1977    only    -       Oct     21       0:00   0       -
Rule    Algeria 1978    only    -       Mar     24       1:00   1:00    S
Rule    Algeria 1978    only    -       Sep     22       3:00   0       -
Rule    Algeria 1980    only    -       Apr     25       0:00   1:00    S
Rule    Algeria 1980    only    -       Oct     31       2:00   0       -
# Shanks gives 0:09 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's more precise 0:09:21.
# Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
Zone    Africa/Algiers  0:12:12 -       LMT     1891 Mar 15 0:01
                        0:09:21 -       PMT     1911 Mar 11    # Paris Mean Time
                        0:00    Algeria WE%sT   1940 Feb 25 2:00
                        1:00    Algeria CE%sT   1946 Oct  7
                        0:00    -       WET     1956 Jan 29
                        1:00    -       CET     1963 Apr 14
                        0:00    Algeria WE%sT   1977 Oct 21
                        1:00    Algeria CE%sT   1979 Oct 26
                        0:00    Algeria WE%sT   1981 May
                        1:00    -       CET

# Angola
# Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
Zone    Africa/Luanda   0:52:56 -       LMT     1892
                        0:52:04 -       AOT     1911 May 26 # Angola Time
                        1:00    -       WAT

# Benin
# Whitman says they switched to 1:00 in 1946, not 1934; go with Shanks.
# Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
Zone Africa/Porto-Novo  0:10:28 -       LMT     1912
                        0:00    -       GMT     1934 Feb 26
                        1:00    -       WAT

# Botswana
# Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
Zone    Africa/Gaborone 1:43:40 -       LMT     1885
                        2:00    -       CAT     1943 Sep 19 2:00
                        2:00    1:00    CAST    1944 Mar 19 2:00
                        2:00    -       CAT

# Burkina Faso
# Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
Zone Africa/Ouagadougou -0:06:04 -      LMT     1912
                         0:00   -       GMT

# Burundi
# Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
Zone Africa/Bujumbura   1:57:28 -       LMT     1890
                        2:00    -       CAT

# Cameroon
# Whitman says they switched to 1:00 in 1920; go with Shanks.
# Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
Zone    Africa/Douala   0:38:48 -       LMT     1912
                        1:00    -       WAT

# Cape Verde
# Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
Zone Atlantic/Cape_Verde -1:34:04 -     LMT     1907                    # Praia
                        -2:00   -       CVT     1942 Sep
                        -2:00   1:00    CVST    1945 Oct 15
                        -2:00   -       CVT     1975 Nov 25 2:00
                        -1:00   -       CVT

# Central African Republic
# Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
Zone    Africa/Bangui   1:14:20 -       LMT     1912
                        1:00    -       WAT

# Chad
# Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
Zone    Africa/Ndjamena 1:00:12 -       LMT     1912
                        1:00    -       WAT     1979 Oct 14
                        1:00    1:00    WAST    1980 Mar  8
                        1:00    -       WAT

# Comoros
# Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
Zone    Indian/Comoro   2:53:04 -       LMT     1911 Jul   # Moroni, Gran Comoro
                        3:00    -       EAT

# Democratic Republic of Congo
# Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
Zone Africa/Kinshasa    1:01:12 -       LMT     1897 Nov 9
                        1:00    -       WAT
Zone Africa/Lubumbashi  1:49:52 -       LMT     1897 Nov 9
                        2:00    -       CAT

# Republic of the Congo
# Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
Zone Africa/Brazzaville 1:01:08 -       LMT     1912
                        1:00    -       WAT

# Cote D'Ivoire
# Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
Zone    Africa/Abidjan  -0:16:08 -      LMT     1912
                         0:00   -       GMT

# Djibouti
# Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
Zone    Africa/Djibouti 2:52:36 -       LMT     1911 Jul
                        3:00    -       EAT

###############################################################################

# Egypt

# Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
Rule    Egypt   1940    only    -       Jul     15      0:00    1:00    S
Rule    Egypt   1940    only    -       Oct      1      0:00    0       -
Rule    Egypt   1941    only    -       Apr     15      0:00    1:00    S
Rule    Egypt   1941    only    -       Sep     16      0:00    0       -
Rule    Egypt   1942    1944    -       Apr      1      0:00    1:00    S
Rule    Egypt   1942    only    -       Oct     27      0:00    0       -
Rule    Egypt   1943    1945    -       Nov      1      0:00    0       -
Rule    Egypt   1945    only    -       Apr     16      0:00    1:00    S
Rule    Egypt   1957    only    -       May     10      0:00    1:00    S
Rule    Egypt   1957    1958    -       Oct      1      0:00    0       -
Rule    Egypt   1958    only    -       May      1      0:00    1:00    S
Rule    Egypt   1959    1981    -       May      1      1:00    1:00    S
Rule    Egypt   1959    1965    -       Sep     30      3:00    0       -
Rule    Egypt   1966    1994    -       Oct      1      3:00    0       -
Rule    Egypt   1982    only    -       Jul     25      1:00    1:00    S
Rule    Egypt   1983    only    -       Jul     12      1:00    1:00    S
Rule    Egypt   1984    1988    -       May      1      1:00    1:00    S
Rule    Egypt   1989    only    -       May      6      1:00    1:00    S
Rule    Egypt   1990    1994    -       May      1      1:00    1:00    S
# IATA (after 1990) says transitions are at 0:00.
# Go with IATA starting in 1995, except correct 1995 entry from 09-30 to 09-29.
Rule    Egypt   1995    max     -       Apr     lastFri  0:00s  1:00    S
Rule    Egypt   1995    max     -       Sep     lastThu 23:00s  0       -

# Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
Zone    Africa/Cairo    2:05:00 -       LMT     1900 Oct
                        2:00    Egypt   EE%sT

# Equatorial Guinea
# Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
Zone    Africa/Malabo   0:35:08 -       LMT     1912
                        0:00    -       GMT     1963 Dec 15
                        1:00    -       WAT

# Eritrea
# Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
Zone    Africa/Asmera   2:35:32 -       LMT     1870
                        2:35:32 -       AMT     1890          # Asmera Mean Time
                        2:35:20 -       ADMT    1936 May 5    # Adis Dera MT
                        3:00    -       EAT

# Ethiopia
# From Paul Eggert (1997-10-05):
# Shanks writes that Ethiopia had six narrowly-spaced time zones between
# 1870 and 1890, and that they merged to 38E50 (2:35:20) in 1890.
# We'll guess that 38E50 is for Adis Dera.
# Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
Zone Africa/Addis_Ababa 2:34:48 -       LMT     1870
                        2:35:20 -       ADMT    1936 May 5    # Adis Dera MT
                        3:00    -       EAT

# Gabon
# Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
Zone Africa/Libreville  0:37:48 -       LMT     1912
                        1:00    -       WAT

# Gambia
# Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
Zone    Africa/Banjul   -1:06:36 -      LMT     1912
                        -1:06:36 -      BMT     1935    # Banjul Mean Time
                        -1:00   -       WAT     1964
                         0:00   -       GMT

# Ghana
# Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
# Whitman says DST was observed from 1931 to ``the present''; go with Shanks.
Rule    Ghana   1936    1942    -       Sep      1      0:00    0:20    GHST
Rule    Ghana   1936    1942    -       Dec     31      0:00    0       GMT
# Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
Zone    Africa/Accra    -0:00:52 -      LMT     1918
                         0:00   Ghana   %s

# Guinea
# Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
Zone    Africa/Conakry  -0:54:52 -      LMT     1912
                         0:00   -       GMT     1934 Feb 26
                        -1:00   -       WAT     1960
                         0:00   -       GMT

# Guinea-Bissau
# Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
Zone    Africa/Bissau   -1:02:20 -      LMT     1911 May 26
                        -1:00   -       WAT     1975
                         0:00   -       GMT

# Kenya
# Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
Zone    Africa/Nairobi  2:27:16 -       LMT     1928 Jul
                        3:00    -       EAT     1930
                        2:30    -       BEAT    1940
                        2:44:45 -       BEAUT   1960
                        3:00    -       EAT

# Lesotho
# Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
Zone    Africa/Maseru   1:50:00 -       LMT     1903 Mar
                        2:00    -       SAST    1943 Sep 19 2:00
                        2:00    1:00    SAST    1944 Mar 19 2:00
                        2:00    -       SAST

# Liberia
# From Paul Eggert (2001-07-17):
# In 1972 Liberia was the last country to switch
# from a UTC offset that was not a multiple of 15 or 20 minutes.
# Howse reports that it was in honor of their president's birthday.
# Shanks reports the date as May 1, whereas Howse reports Jan; go with Shanks.
# For Liberia before 1972, Shanks reports -0:44, whereas Howse and Whitman
# each report -0:44:30; go with the more precise figure.
# Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
Zone    Africa/Monrovia -0:43:08 -      LMT     1882
                        -0:43:08 -      MMT     1919 Mar # Monrovia Mean Time
                        -0:44:30 -      LRT     1972 May # Liberia Time
                         0:00   -       GMT

###############################################################################

# Libya

# Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
Rule    Libya   1951    only    -       Oct     14      2:00    1:00    S
Rule    Libya   1952    only    -       Jan      1      0:00    0       -
Rule    Libya   1953    only    -       Oct      9      2:00    1:00    S
Rule    Libya   1954    only    -       Jan      1      0:00    0       -
Rule    Libya   1955    only    -       Sep     30      0:00    1:00    S
Rule    Libya   1956    only    -       Jan      1      0:00    0       -
Rule    Libya   1982    1984    -       Apr      1      0:00    1:00    S
Rule    Libya   1982    1985    -       Oct      1      0:00    0       -
Rule    Libya   1985    only    -       Apr      6      0:00    1:00    S
Rule    Libya   1986    only    -       Apr      4      0:00    1:00    S
Rule    Libya   1986    only    -       Oct      3      0:00    0       -
Rule    Libya   1987    1989    -       Apr      1      0:00    1:00    S
Rule    Libya   1987    1989    -       Oct      1      0:00    0       -
# Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
Zone    Africa/Tripoli  0:52:44 -       LMT     1920
                        1:00    Libya   CE%sT   1959
                        2:00    -       EET     1982
                        1:00    Libya   CE%sT   1990 May  4
# The following entries are all from Shanks;
# the IATA SSIM data contain some obvious errors.
                        2:00    -       EET     1996 Sep 30
                        1:00    -       CET     1997 Apr  4
                        1:00    1:00    CEST    1997 Oct  4
                        2:00    -       EET

# Madagascar
# Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
Zone Indian/Antananarivo 3:10:04 -      LMT     1911 Jul
                        3:00    -       EAT     1954 Feb 27 23:00s
                        3:00    1:00    EAST    1954 May 29 23:00s
                        3:00    -       EAT

# Malawi
# Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
Zone    Africa/Blantyre 2:20:00 -       LMT     1903 Mar
                        2:00    -       CAT

# Mali
# Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
Zone    Africa/Bamako   -0:32:00 -      LMT     1912
                         0:00   -       GMT     1934 Feb 26
                        -1:00   -       WAT     1960 Jun 20
                         0:00   -       GMT

# Mauritania
# Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
Zone Africa/Nouakchott  -1:03:48 -      LMT     1912
                         0:00   -       GMT     1934 Feb 26
                        -1:00   -       WAT     1960 Nov 28
                         0:00   -       GMT

# Mauritius
# Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
Zone Indian/Mauritius   3:50:00 -       LMT     1907            # Port Louis
                        4:00    -       MUT     # Mauritius Time
# Agalega Is, Rodriguez
# no information; probably like Indian/Mauritius

# Mayotte
# Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
Zone    Indian/Mayotte  3:00:56 -       LMT     1911 Jul        # Mamoutzou
                        3:00    -       EAT

# Morocco
# See the `europe' file for Spanish Morocco (Africa/Ceuta).
# RULE  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
Rule    Morocco 1939    only    -       Sep     12       0:00   1:00    S
Rule    Morocco 1939    only    -       Nov     19       0:00   0       -
Rule    Morocco 1940    only    -       Feb     25       0:00   1:00    S
Rule    Morocco 1945    only    -       Nov     18       0:00   0       -
Rule    Morocco 1950    only    -       Jun     11       0:00   1:00    S
Rule    Morocco 1950    only    -       Oct     29       0:00   0       -
Rule    Morocco 1967    only    -       Jun      3      12:00   1:00    S
Rule    Morocco 1967    only    -       Oct      1       0:00   0       -
Rule    Morocco 1974    only    -       Jun     24       0:00   1:00    S
Rule    Morocco 1974    only    -       Sep      1       0:00   0       -
Rule    Morocco 1976    1977    -       May      1       0:00   1:00    S
Rule    Morocco 1976    only    -       Aug      1       0:00   0       -
Rule    Morocco 1977    only    -       Sep     28       0:00   0       -
Rule    Morocco 1978    only    -       Jun      1       0:00   1:00    S
Rule    Morocco 1978    only    -       Aug      4       0:00   0       -
# Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
Zone Africa/Casablanca  -0:30:20 -      LMT     1913 Oct 26
                         0:00   Morocco WE%sT   1984 Mar 16
                         1:00   -       CET     1986
                         0:00   -       WET
# Western Sahara
Zone Africa/El_Aaiun    -0:52:48 -      LMT     1934 Jan
                        -1:00   -       WAT     1976 Apr 14
                         0:00   -       WET

# Mozambique
# Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
Zone    Africa/Maputo   2:10:20 -       LMT     1903 Mar
                        2:00    -       CAT

# Namibia
# The 1994-04-03 transition is from Shanks.
# Shanks reports no DST after 1998-04; go with IATA.
# RULE  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
Rule    Namibia 1994    max     -       Sep     Sun>=1  2:00    1:00    S
Rule    Namibia 1995    max     -       Apr     Sun>=1  2:00    0       -
# Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
Zone    Africa/Windhoek 1:08:24 -       LMT     1892 Feb 8
                        1:30    -       SWAT    1903 Mar        # SW Africa Time
                        2:00    -       SAST    1942 Sep 20 2:00
                        2:00    1:00    SAST    1943 Mar 21 2:00
                        2:00    -       SAST    1990 Mar 21 # independence
                        2:00    -       CAT     1994 Apr  3
                        1:00    Namibia WA%sT

# Niger
# Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
Zone    Africa/Niamey    0:08:28 -      LMT     1912
                        -1:00   -       WAT     1934 Feb 26
                         0:00   -       GMT     1960
                         1:00   -       WAT

# Nigeria
# Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
Zone    Africa/Lagos    0:13:36 -       LMT     1919 Sep
                        1:00    -       WAT

# Reunion
# Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
Zone    Indian/Reunion  3:41:52 -       LMT     1911 Jun        # Saint-Denis
                        4:00    -       RET     # Reunion Time
#
# Scattered Islands (Iles Eparses) administered from Reunion are as follows.
# The following information about them is taken from
# Iles Eparses (www.outre-mer.gouv.fr/domtom/ile.htm, 1997-07-22, in French;
# no longer available as of 1999-08-17).
# We have no info about their time zone histories.
#
# Bassas da India - uninhabited
# Europa Island - inhabited from 1905 to 1910 by two families
# Glorioso Is - inhabited until at least 1958
# Juan de Nova - uninhabited
# Tromelin - inhabited until at least 1958

# Rwanda
# Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
Zone    Africa/Kigali   2:00:16 -       LMT     1935 Jun
                        2:00    -       CAT

# St Helena
# Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
Zone Atlantic/St_Helena -0:22:48 -      LMT     1890            # Jamestown
                        -0:22:48 -      JMT     1951    # Jamestown Mean Time
                         0:00   -       GMT
# The other parts of the St Helena territory are similar:
#       Tristan da Cunha: on GMT, say Whitman and the CIA
#       Ascension: on GMT, says usno1995 and the CIA
#       Gough (scientific station since 1955; sealers wintered previously):
#               on GMT, says the CIA
#       Inaccessible, Nightingale: no information, but probably GMT

# Sao Tome and Principe
# Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
Zone    Africa/Sao_Tome  0:26:56 -      LMT     1884
                        -0:36:32 -      LMT     1912    # Lisbon Mean Time
                         0:00   -       GMT

# Senegal
# Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
Zone    Africa/Dakar    -1:09:44 -      LMT     1912
                        -1:00   -       WAT     1941 Jun
                         0:00   -       GMT

# Seychelles
# Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
Zone    Indian/Mahe     3:41:48 -       LMT     1906 Jun        # Victoria
                        4:00    -       SCT     # Seychelles Time
# From Paul Eggert (2001-05-30):
# Aldabra, Farquhar, and Desroches, originally dependencies of the
# Seychelles, were transferred to the British Indian Ocean Territory
# in 1965 and returned to Seychelles control in 1976.  We don't know
# whether this affected their time zone, so omit this for now.
# Possibly the islands were uninhabited.

# Sierra Leone
# Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
# Whitman gives Mar 31 - Aug 31 for 1931 on; go with Shanks.
Rule    SL      1935    1942    -       Jun      1      0:00    0:40    SLST
Rule    SL      1935    1942    -       Oct      1      0:00    0       WAT
Rule    SL      1957    1962    -       Jun      1      0:00    1:00    SLST
Rule    SL      1957    1962    -       Sep      1      0:00    0       GMT
# Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
Zone    Africa/Freetown -0:53:00 -      LMT     1882
                        -0:53:00 -      FMT     1913 Jun # Freetown Mean Time
                        -1:00   SL      %s      1957
                         0:00   SL      %s

# Somalia
# Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
Zone Africa/Mogadishu   3:01:28 -       LMT     1893 Nov
                        3:00    -       EAT     1931
                        2:30    -       BEAT    1957
                        3:00    -       EAT

# South Africa
# Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
Rule    SA      1942    1943    -       Sep     Sun>=15 2:00    1:00    -
Rule    SA      1943    1944    -       Mar     Sun>=15 2:00    0       -
# Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
Zone Africa/Johannesburg 1:52:00 -      LMT     1892 Feb 8
                        1:30    -       SAST    1903 Mar
                        2:00    SA      SAST
# Marion and Prince Edward Is
# scientific station since 1947
# no information

# Sudan
#
# From <a href="http://www.sunanews.net/sn13jane.html">
# Sudan News Agency (2000-01-13)
# </a>, also reported by Michael De Beukelaer-Dossche via Steffen Thorsen:
# Clocks will be moved ahead for 60 minutes all over the Sudan as of noon
# Saturday....  This was announced Thursday by Caretaker State Minister for
# Manpower Abdul-Rahman Nur-Eddin.
#
# Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
Rule    Sudan   1970    only    -       May      1      0:00    1:00    S
Rule    Sudan   1970    1985    -       Oct     15      0:00    0       -
Rule    Sudan   1971    only    -       Apr     30      0:00    1:00    S
Rule    Sudan   1972    1985    -       Apr     lastSun 0:00    1:00    S
# Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
Zone    Africa/Khartoum 2:10:08 -       LMT     1931
                        2:00    Sudan   CA%sT   2000 Jan 15 12:00
                        3:00    -       EAT

# Swaziland
# Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
Zone    Africa/Mbabane  2:04:24 -       LMT     1903 Mar
                        2:00    -       SAST

# Tanzania
# Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
Zone Africa/Dar_es_Salaam 2:37:08 -     LMT     1931
                        3:00    -       EAT     1948
                        2:44:45 -       BEAUT   1961
                        3:00    -       EAT

# Togo
# Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
Zone    Africa/Lome     0:04:52 -       LMT     1893
                        0:00    -       GMT

# Tunisia

# From Gwillim Law (2005-04-30):
#
# My correspondent, Risto Nykanen, has alerted me to another adoption of DST,
# this time in Tunisia.  According to Yahoo France News
# <http://fr.news.yahoo.com/050426/5/4dumk.html>, in a story attributed to AP
# and dated 2005-04-26, "Tunisia has decided to advance its official time by
# one hour, starting on Sunday, May 1.  Henceforth, Tunisian time will be
# UTC+2 instead of UTC+1.  The change will take place at 23:00 UTC next
# Saturday."  (My translation)
#
# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-05-02):
# LaPresse, the first national daily newspaper ...
# <http://www.lapresse.tn/archives/archives280405/actualites/lheure.html>
# ... DST for 2005: on: Sun May 1 0h standard time, off: Fri Sept. 30,
# 1h standard time.

# Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
Rule    Tunisia 1939    only    -       Apr     15      23:00s  1:00    S
Rule    Tunisia 1939    only    -       Nov     18      23:00s  0       -
Rule    Tunisia 1940    only    -       Feb     25      23:00s  1:00    S
Rule    Tunisia 1941    only    -       Oct      6       0:00   0       -
Rule    Tunisia 1942    only    -       Mar      9       0:00   1:00    S
Rule    Tunisia 1942    only    -       Nov      2       3:00   0       -
Rule    Tunisia 1943    only    -       Mar     29       2:00   1:00    S
Rule    Tunisia 1943    only    -       Apr     17       2:00   0       -
Rule    Tunisia 1943    only    -       Apr     25       2:00   1:00    S
Rule    Tunisia 1943    only    -       Oct      4       2:00   0       -
Rule    Tunisia 1944    1945    -       Apr     Mon>=1   2:00   1:00    S
Rule    Tunisia 1944    only    -       Oct      8       0:00   0       -
Rule    Tunisia 1945    only    -       Sep     16       0:00   0       -
Rule    Tunisia 1977    only    -       Apr     30       0:00s  1:00    S
Rule    Tunisia 1977    only    -       Sep     24       0:00s  0       -
Rule    Tunisia 1978    only    -       May      1       0:00s  1:00    S
Rule    Tunisia 1978    only    -       Oct      1       0:00s  0       -
Rule    Tunisia 1988    only    -       Jun      1       0:00s  1:00    S
Rule    Tunisia 1988    1990    -       Sep     lastSun  0:00s  0       -
Rule    Tunisia 1989    only    -       Mar     26       0:00s  1:00    S
Rule    Tunisia 1990    only    -       May      1       0:00s  1:00    S
Rule    Tunisia 2005    only    -       May      1       0:00s  1:00    S
Rule    Tunisia 2005    only    -       Sep     30       1:00s  0       -
# Shanks gives 0:09 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's more precise 0:09:21.
# Shanks says the 1911 switch occurred on Mar 9; go with Howse's Mar 11.
# Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
Zone    Africa/Tunis    0:40:44 -       LMT     1881 May 12
                        0:09:21 -       PMT     1911 Mar 11    # Paris Mean Time
                        1:00    Tunisia CE%sT

# Uganda
# Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
Zone    Africa/Kampala  2:09:40 -       LMT     1928 Jul
                        3:00    -       EAT     1930
                        2:30    -       BEAT    1948
                        2:44:45 -       BEAUT   1957
                        3:00    -       EAT

# Zambia
# Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
Zone    Africa/Lusaka   1:53:08 -       LMT     1903 Mar
                        2:00    -       CAT

# Zimbabwe
# Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
Zone    Africa/Harare   2:04:12 -       LMT     1903 Mar
                        2:00    -       CAT
