| # Glossary for Common 11 check An arithmetical check regarding bank account numbers used, among other countries, the Netherlands. By applying a specific formula, you can check if a combination of digits constitutes a valid bank account number. 97 modulo check An arithmetical check regarding bank account numbers used in Belgium. In this method, the sum of the first 10 digits of the entered numbers is divided by 97. The remainder must equal the number that is formed by the digits on position 11 and 12 of the bank account number. ABC transaction See: triangular trade acceptable quality level The minimum percentage of a test sample that must be approved to have the entire item quantity approved. For instance, if the AQL is set to 90 and the percentage approved lies below that figure, the entire quantity is rejected. Acronym: AQL accounting entity The lowest level on which financial reports are produced. In LN, accounting entities have a one-to-one relationship with financial companies. Accounting entity is a mandatory field in Business Object Documents (BODs) for transactional data. accounting office A department that a financial company uses to group financial data on a more detailed level than by enterprise unit. You can typically use accounting offices to group the following types of financial data: Manually entered sales invoices Trade notes Business partner financial data In a financial company you can link an accounting office to the following business partner roles: Invoice-to business partner Pay-by business partner Invoice-from business partner Pay-to business partner account type A way to characterize an account. The account type is relevant when you process financial data in Financials. The account type can be: Normal Account The account is a regular account. Blocked Account The account is blocked for any reason. Other Account The account type is country-specific. acknowledge (a contract) The act of sending a formal and written confirmation. The supplier sends an acknowledgment to the customer, to acknowledge the receipt of a contract or an order. acknowledgment (of letter) A communication by a supplier to confirm that a purchase order has been received. Acknowledgment typically implies the supplier's order acceptance. actual calendar The runtime calendar used for scheduling and resource allocation. The actual calendar is linked to a calendar code, and inherits all the details of the its parent calendar. For example, the actual calendar for calendar code A consists of the calendar lines from A. It also consists of the lines from its parent calendars plus, the lines from the standard calendar. additional cost set A cost set that is used to charge extra general costs to purchase and/or sales orders. Additional statistical information set See: Extra Intrastat info address A full set of addressing details, which include the postal address, access numbers for telephone, fax, and telex, e-mail and Internet address, identification for taxation purposes, and routing information. address format The definition of how the address data is printed on a report or document. You can define which data must be printed on each line of the address, in which order, and which fields must be skipped if there is not enough space. administrative department The department that creates and maintains the order and which determines details such as the order number series, the price book, the rates, and various default values for the orders. The administrative department is a sales office, a purchase office, or a service department. advance shipping notice A form of preinvoicing. The customer receives an advance notification of details of a shipment that is on its way to the customer. Acronym: ASN affiliated company A separate logistic company that acts as a business partner to your logistic company. You must define the sold-to role and the buy-from role for an affiliated company business-partner. For example, an affiliated company can represent affiliated enterprises and sites of your enterprise in other countries. algorithm An expression that is used to compute a characteristic by means of other variables or fixed characteristics. allowance An amount paid to cover expenses. alternative items Items that can serve as a substitute for the standard item if the standard item cannot be delivered or is being replaced. alternative unit This is any unit other than the inventory unit. Conversion factors are maintained to handle the different units (the unit set's base unit and the alternative unit) for a particular item. apportioning For a fixed landed costs amount per header, the distribution of this amount across the lines. appropriate menu Commands are distributed across the Views, References, and Actions menus, or displayed as buttons. In previous LN and Web UI releases, these commands are located in the Specific menu. AQL See: acceptable quality level archive company A company created for the purpose of archiving historic documents and data. You can store redundant data in an archive company. To access and retrieve data from an archive company, you must change company to the archive company. area A region used to group business partners, customers, suppliers and employees on a geographical basis. ASN See: advance shipping notice aspect The type of functionality for which you set the parameters in the Parameter Wizard. For example, functionality that is only required in specific countries has the Country aspect. aspects A part of an item. For example, a bolt can have the aspects head and tail. An aspect can have one or more characteristics. For example, a head can have a diameter and a length, and a tail can have a diameter and a color. authorization The user's permission to use specific terminals or sessions. availability type An indication of the type of activity for which a resource is available. With availability types, you can define multiple sets of working times for a single calendar. For example, if a work center is available for production on Monday through Friday and available for service activities on Saturdays, you can define two availability types, one for production and one for service activities and link these availability types to the calendar for that work center. balance The sum required to make one side of an account equal to the other side. In other words, the difference between the total of all the debit entries and the total of all the credit entries in an account. Whether it is a debit or a credit, this amount expresses the financial position of the particular account at the time the balance is struck. bank account A record of debit and credit entries to cover transactions involving a particular item, person, or concern. The bank account is identified by a number. LN can be set to check bank account numbers when you enter them. If the account number does not pass the check, LN displays a warning message. banker's order An order to a bank to pay a fixed amount from an account to a named person or organization at a regular time each month, year, and so on. bank type This type indicates if the account is a bank or a giro account. bar code A series of alternating bars and spaces printed on documents or products, representing encoded information that can be read by electronic scanners. base company A financial company or a financial and logistic company that is used to book the transactions between financial companies that belong to different group companies. batch number An identification assigned to a homogeneous quantity of material. Belgian Balance of Payments country group A way to group countries for the Belgian Balance of Payments report, which is part of the EU tax reporting. Belgian Balance of Payments report A report that companies in Belgium and Luxembourg must submit to the National Bank of Belgium (NBB). The report lists the total amount of assets and liabilities that result from foreign sales and purchase transactions with other countries. bilateral invoicing The automatic generation of invoices between two financial companies as a result of goods transfer between warehouses of enterprise units linked to these financial companies. bshell See: LN shell budget 1) A commercial cost estimate in the preproduction stage of projects. 2) A plan that includes an estimate of future costs and revenues related to expected activities. business object A business related object, such as a purchase order or an organizational unit. A business object has information stored in the business object attributes, such as the purchase order number or the organizational unit name. A business object also contains a set of actions, known as business object methods, that can manipulate the business object attributes, such as Create Purchase Order and List Organizational Units. From a development perspective, a business object is a collection of tables, and functions that manipulate these tables, implemented simultaneously during the development phase. A business object is identified by the combination of a package code, module code, and business object code. business partner A party with whom you carry out business transactions, for example, a customer or a supplier. You can also define departments within your organization that act as customers or suppliers to your own department as business partners. The business partner definition includes: The organization's name and main address. The language and currency used. Taxation and legal identification data. You address the business partner in the person of the business partner's contact. The business-partner status determines if you can carry out transactions. The transactions type (sales orders, invoices, payments, shipments) is defined by the business partner's role. business partner role Indicates the relationship between your organization and the business partner. The role defines the types of transactions you can carry out with the business partner. The business partners with different roles are linked by a common parent business-partner. Examples of business-partner roles: Sold-to business partner Pay-by business partner business partner status Indicates the actions that can be carried out for the business partner. The status can be: Active, Inactive, or Potential. For example, you cannot enter a sales order for a business partner with status Potential, or ship goods to a business partner with status Inactive. business partner type A way to group business partners with similar characteristics, for example, members of the EU, or subject to specific customs rules. Note A business-partner type is not the same as a business-partner role or financial business-partner group. buyer role A classification of a contact's role in the decision making process related to an opportunity. With this classification, sales representatives know, for example, how to approach a contact to win a deal. A buyer role can be, for example, economic buyer, decision maker, influencer. buy-from business partner The business partner from whom you order goods or services; this usually represents a supplier's sales department. The definition includes the default price and discount agreements, purchase-order defaults, delivery terms, and the related ship-from and invoice-from business partner. Synonym: supplier calculation method There are two methods available: Parallel and Cumulative. Parallel tax calculation means that, for example, the combination of tax rates 5% and 15% results in an eventual tax rate of 20%. Cumulative tax calculation means that the second tax rate is applied over the first tax rate. For example, the combination of tax rates 10% and 5% results in an eventual tax rate of 15.5% (= 10% + 5% + (10% / 100% * 5%)). calendar A register of days that contains information on the availability of, for example, resources or business partners at a specified time range. calendar code An alphanumeric code to identify a calendar. calendar recurrence A set of recurring dates for which working times and other calendar details have been defined. You can use calendar recurrences to define calendars. calendar working hours The horizontal lines in a calendar table, which group planning data by date. calibration date The date on which an instrument is calibrated. cancel order The process of stopping existing orders at an intermediate stage in the procedure. capacity percentage The percentage of the available production capacity that is the basis for work center utilization views and reports. For example, if a work center's working times are 06:00 - 16:00 (10 hours), the effectivity factor is 1.0 and the capacity percentage is 80%. 8 hours of production order execution corresponds with a capacity utilization of 100%. The default capacity percentage is 100%. carrier An organization that provides transport services. You can link a default carrier to both ship-to and ship-from business partners. In addition, you can print sales and purchase orders on a packing list, sorted by carrier. For ordering and invoicing, you must define a carrier as a business partner. Synonym: forwarding agent Synonym: Logistics Service Provider (LSP) category A division within a system of classification for enterprise units or enterprise unit relationships. category A classification or division of items. The classification can be by form, fit, or function. central calendar A defined calendar that you can use to plan and calculate operations by different packages. central currency The base currency used for conversion of amounts by using triangulation. For example, to convert DEM to FFR you can convert the amount in DEM to euro and then convert the amount in euro to FFR. The euro is then the central currency. channel A sales or distribution channel used to assign goods to customer groups. You can link channels to sold-to business partners and to items. Channels can be used in connection with available-to-promise (ATP). You can assign a certain ATP volume to a channel. This volume limits the ATP for that channel to a maximum. characteristic A reference to a particular quality or distinctive mark of an item or an item part/component. For example, diameter, length, weight. characteristic unit The unit in which an item's characteristic is expressed, for example, meters, kilograms. cluster A group of entities that are not necessarily related to one financial company or logistic company. In Enterprise Planning, clusters are used for groups of warehouses, connected by supplying relationships. collection office The authority to which the tax or social contribution must be paid. In LN, a collection office is defined as a business partner with only the invoice-from and pay-to roles. collective invoice An invoice containing multiple entries for delivering several orders to customers. The orders, however, are specified individually. commodity code The codes that identify groups of items in order to collect and report statistical data on the export and import of goods in the countries of the European Union (EU). The reporting authorities determine the commodity codes. company A working environment in which you can carry out logistic or financial transactions. All the transaction data is stored in the company's database. Depending on the type of data that the company controls, the company is: A logistic company. A financial company. A logistic and a financial company. In a multisite structure, some of the database tables can be unique for the company and the company can share other database tables with other companies. company number A logistic or financial unit for which you can define and maintain a data set. Which includes, for example: Ledger account Customers Suppliers Order balances Production plans configurable item An item that has features and options and must be configured before any activities can be performed on it. If the configurable item is generic, a new item is created after configuration. If the item is manufactured or purchased, the configuration is identified by item code and option list ID. Manufactured items with the default supply source set to Assembly and Generic items are always configurable. Purchased items with a purchase schedule in use can be configurable. configured item A configurable item that is configured, which means options and features are chosen for the item. A configured item can have components that are also configured, for example, a bike with a bike light. If a configured item is an end item, it is configured with its configurable components and stored as a product variant. consignment not owned warehouse A warehouse that is used for storing not-owned consignment inventory. Not-owned consignment inventory are goods owned by a supplier, but stored in your warehouse without being paid for until after the goods are used or sold. You register the goods as consignment inventory. consignment owned warehouse A warehouse that is used for storing owned consignment inventory. Owned consignment inventory are goods owned by your company and stored in a customers warehouse without receiving payment until after the goods are used or sold. You do not register the goods as consignment inventory, because the goods are still part of your inventory. contact The person with whom you discuss business transactions. For example, you address questions, quotations, and follow-up calls, direct mail, and promotional gifts to the contact. The contact's data include the name, telephone number, e-mail address, and other details. contact category A user-definable classification of contacts. contact-type mask The business-partner roles in which the contact represents the business partner. You can have one contact for the business partner in multiple roles. For example, the same person can be both the invoice-to and the pay-by business partner's contact, but not the sold-to contact. The mask then consists of invoice-to and pay-by, whereas the other roles are not selected. conversion cluster A cluster of financial companies linked to enterprise units of logistic companies which are, for conversion, considered as one logical unit of companies. conversion cluster A group of companies and/or currencies to be converted together with the conversion details such as the type of conversion to be processed. conversion weight A number that indicates the size of a conversion task. Tables with a higher conversion weight are converted before tables with a lower conversion weight. LN uses the conversion weight to determine the order in which tables are converted if no priority is indicated. COPD See: customer order decoupling point cost The value given for accounting purposes to the stock of an article or commodity at the end of an accounting period. In a retail business, the cost is usually prime cost, that is, the price paid to the supplier. However, other amounts to cover storage and transportation are sometimes added. In a manufacturing business, the cost is usually a prime cost or production cost. cost component A cost component is a user-defined category for the classification of costs. Cost components have the following functions: To break down an item's cost price, sales price, or valuation price. To create a comparison between the estimated production order costs and the actual production order costs. To calculate production variances. To view the distribution of your costs over the various cost components in the Cost Accounting module. Cost components can be of the following cost types: Material Costs Operation Costs Surcharge on Material Costs Surcharge on Operation Costs WIP Transfer Costs General Costs Note If you use Assembly Control (ASC), you cannot use cost components of the General Costs type. costing breaks Are used to break up and redirect costs related to a project, to project pegs that are linked to specific attributes, such as items, item groups, or work centers. The project costs are no longer linked only to the top demand project peg, but are spread over lower level pegs for the specified attributes (breaks), which improves project management. cost item An administrative item that is used to post extra costs to an order. Extra costs are, for example, accounting expenses, clearance charges, design costs, and freight expenses. Cost items are not used for production and cannot be held in inventory. They are also referred to as expense items. counter order Purchase or sales-order type related to counter sales and direct invoicing in which the customer immediately takes home the goods. Also, collect orders do not require you to print various documents. country Countries are the national states where your suppliers and customers are located. For each country you can define the country code, international dialing, telex, and fax codes. Countries are part of the data that you must set up for tax reporting. In addition, items can be grouped and selected according to their country of origin. credit analyst One of your employees in charge of controlling and monitoring the credit that you give to an invoice-to business partner. credit insurance company The company where (part of) the credit limit of the invoice-to business partner is insured. credit limit The maximum financial risk that you accept or are insured against concerning an invoice-to business partner, or that an invoice-from business partner accepts concerning you. When you create orders, LN continually checks that the total amount of created and invoiced orders does not exceed the credit limit. When you exceed the limit, LN gives a warning message. credit rating A system of classifying customers and possible future customers according to their financial strength and the degree of trust that a supplier can place in them. The credit rating is linked to an invoice-to business partner and defines a number of details such as, the action to be taken when a sales order is processed, and when the credit check must be repeated. critical safety item A part, assembly, installation, or production system with one or more essential characteristics which, when they do not conform to the design data or quality requirements, result in an unsafe condition that can cause loss or serious damage to the end item or major components, loss of control, or injury to personnel. currency A generally accepted medium of exchange such as coins, treasury notes, and banknotes. The following currency types are available in LN: Home currency, which is used internally by companies to calculate costs, record budgets, and register tax amounts Transaction currency, which is used in transactions with business partners, such as orders and invoices currency exchange rate The factor by which an amount in a different currency is multiplied to calculate the amount in the currency base. Synonym: currency rate currency format The degree of exactness with which currencies are presented differs from one currency to the other. In practice, currencies of which the basic unit represents a relatively low value are generally presented as integers (for example, Belgian franc or Italian lira). Currencies of which the basic unit represents a relatively high value are generally presented with one or more decimals (for example, Dutch guilder, German mark). currency rate See: currency exchange rate customer A person or company your company supplies goods to or provides services for. Synonym: sold-to business partner customer approval A business regulation according to which the goods that are delivered on a sales order must be approved by the customer before you can invoice the goods. The ownership of the goods changes from supplier to sold-to business partner when the delivered goods are approved. customer furnished material An item supplied by the customer being used as material in the production of an end-item for that same customer. customer order decoupling point The point in the product structure or production process up to which the material requisition is order-controlled. Beyond this point, anonymous production takes place. Typical examples of CODP positions: The entire production process from purchasing components to final assembly is driven by customer orders. Standard components are manufactured based on forecasts; production of finished products is order-controlled. The production of finished products, subassemblies, and components is driven by forecasts (make-to-stock). Abbreviation: COPD date format The order of the numeric characters that specifies the way the system date is presented. This concerns the day of the month and year as they appear on documents, for example, 15/09/78 (in Britain) and 7/22/78 (in the U.S.A.). default supply source The source that supplies an item by default. An item can be supplied by using purchase orders, production orders, assembly orders, or warehousing orders. The default supply source determines what type of order is used to supply the item, but in general, you can override the default and specify an alternate source. delivery address The actual address where goods must be delivered that you recorded for each supplier. In practice, this can be one of your warehouses. delivery point An address specification within a delivery address. For example, a warehouse dock location. The supplier uses the delivery point in the shipment building process: the shipments are grouped by delivery point. delivery terms The agreements with the business partner, concerning the way the goods are delivered. Relevant information is printed on various order documents. department A company's organizational unit that carries out a specific set of tasks, for example, a sales office or a purchase office. Departments are assigned number groups for the orders they issue. The department's enterprise unit determines the financial company to which the financial transactions that the department generates are posted. dependent currency system A currency system in which you can use multiple home currencies within a single company. For most entities, the financial company determines the local currency that is used. All transactions are registered in all the home currencies. Currency rates are defined between the external currencies and the reference currency, and between the reference currency and the other home currencies. Transaction amounts are first converted into the reference currency and then the transaction amount in the reference currency is converted into the other home currencies. See: standard currency system destination sales tax Sales tax regulations in North America and Canada. The tax rates are determined by the local authorities in the jurisdiction where the goods or services are received or consumed. In many cases, tax must be paid to multiple jurisdictions with authority over the same location. destructive test A test in which the tested items are destroyed after testing. details session A dialog box that shows all the details (fields) of the line (record) selected in the associated overview session. Use a details session to view, enter, or change the data of one record. A details session can contain a number of tabs to group related fields. direct debit An order to a bank to accept charges to an account from another named account at regular times. direct pay A way for a buyer to directly submit a sales tax to the tax authority instead of first paying it to the supplier. To withhold tax from the invoice, you must provide your direct pay certificate number to the supplier. Note If direct pay applies to an order line, the order line must have a shifted tax code. discount code A way to indicate why a discount was granted. For example, you can grant a discount because the customer orders large quantities. If you grant a discount or if you add a surcharge to a sales invoice, you can enter a discount code to indicate the reason. Surcharges and discounts can be the result of the following: Standard discounts Surcharges Payable commissions Payable rebates discount percentage The percentage that you can subtract from the gross sales price or purchase price. document A general term for printed matter, either reports, order documents, or user documentation. domestic tax Tax rates applied to transactions that for taxation purposes are considered as transactions within a single country. due date In LN, the date that a payment or receipt is required. economic order quantity The amount of an item to be purchased or manufactured at one time. This amount is the quantity for which the combined costs of acquiring and carrying inventory are the lowest. This is also referred to as the minimum cost order quantity. EDI message A standard electronic business document consisting of an organization name and a message. EDI messages are processed as incoming or outgoing messages. An EDI messages can concern, for example, an order acknowledgement or an advance shipment notice (ASN). Organizations that determine EDI message standards are: ANSI X12 UN/EDIFACT ODETTE VDA effective change order A change order that makes the effectivity unit active. effective date The first day on which a record or a setting is valid. The effective date often includes the effective time. effectivity series A code that represents a group of one or more effectivity units that applies to the same unit effective item. effectivity unit A reference number, for example a sales order line or a project deliverable line, that is used to model deviations for a unit effective item. efficiency factor A variable that LN uses to take into account differences in the daily availability of a resource, such as when working overtime, hiring extra staff, or working in different shifts. For example, if an employee works six hours out of a possible eight hours on a project, the efficiency factor is 0.75. Efficiency factors influence the lead-time calculation in Enterprise Planning. electronic data interchange Way to exchange information with your business partners by using electronic mail. Information include catalogs, sales and purchase orders, and all other types of information necessary to carry out business transactions. e-mail address The location where e-mail messages can be sent to a user. An e-mail address consists of a username and an Internet address separated by an at sign (@). For example, lucy@narcia.com, where lucy is the username and narcia.com is the Internet address. EMM See: Enterprise Modeling Management employee A person who works at your company who has a specific function such as sales representative, production planner, buyer, or credit analyst. engineering module A virtual item that is used to model a fixed part of a product engineering structure in Assembly Planning in Manufacturing. The product engineering structure is used to generate assembly orders for the Assembly Control module of Manufacturing. The engineering module is the top of a tree structure (BOM) of engineering items. If Assembly Planning generates the assembly orders, the Engineering Module item type is created in the Item Base Data tables in LN, if not yet present. The engineering module is part of the order content and the as-built structure. Enterprise Modeling Management The module that enables you to model your organization. You can define flows between entities and subdivide them into goods, document, information, and receipt/payment flows. These flows are created for entities such as warehouses, employees, and work centers. Dependent on the organization structure, these flows allow you to flexibly handle goods, documents, and information. Abbreviation: EMM enterprise unit A financially independent part of your organization that consists of entities such as departments, work centers, warehouses, and projects. The enterprise unit's entities must all belong to the same logistic company, but a logistic company can contain multiple enterprise units. An enterprise unit is linked to a single financial company. When you carry out logistic transactions between enterprise units, these are posted in the financial companies to which each enterprise unit is linked. You can define the relationships between the enterprise units, and thus the goods transfer that can take place between the enterprise units. To use invoicing and pricing between enterprise units, you must link the enterprise units to internal business partners. You can use enterprise units to do separate financial accounting for parts of your business. For example, you can define enterprise units for separate parts of your organization that belong to one logistic company, but that are located in different countries. The accounting of each enterprise unit is performed in each country's national currency, and in the financial company linked to the enterprise unit. enterprise unit relationship Identifies the relation between two enterprise units in a multisite organization. entities Separate and independent building blocks for a cluster. For example, warehouse, work center, employee, sales department, purchase department, project, customer, supplier, financial company. equipment Reusable items used to produce or to ship goods for a project. Equipment is not consumed while the project is carried out. Equipment can be internally owned or externally rented. Equipment items can range from tools such as electric drills and wheelbarrows, to machines, large cranes, trucks, tug boats, and so on. equipment item Reusable items used to produce or to ship goods for a project. Equipment is not consumed while the project is carried out. Equipment can be internally owned or externally rented. Equipment items can range from tools such as electric drills and wheelbarrows, to machines, large cranes, trucks, tug boats, and so on. estimate A statement of probable cost for supplying certain goods or services. An estimate is created in anticipation of receiving an order. EU rate The rate used in the European Union when import and export data is processed for intra-EU transaction reporting. exception A deviation of an effective item's standard configuration. An exception indicates, for example, whether a specific BOM line or a specific routing operation is used for an effectivity unit. Exceptions are often created as a result of customer requirements, or technology upgrades. exchange rate The price at which one currency can be exchanged for another currency. In other words, the amount which one currency will buy another currency at a particular time. expiry change order A change order that makes the effectivity unit inactive. expiry date The last date on which a record or a setting is valid. The expiry date often includes the expiry time. export license A license required by the authorities before selling and/or shipping of items (high-tech, classified or potentially dangerous) which are regulated by law. Items requiring this license have restrictions applied to them in Enterprise Planning. Supply for export license required items or items containing an export licensed item can only be commingled with supply for the same project. Similar restrictions exist for cost transfer rules. export tax A tax, other than destination sales tax, that is levied on goods exported from the tax country. For European Union (EU) member countries, export tax applies to goods exported to non-EU countries. extensible markup language A language to create structured documents with metadata. The structure of an XML document is prescribed by a document type definition (DTD) that can be user defined. Example A typical fragment of an XML document is the following:
    <item status="preliminary">
        <itemID>PXA0012</itemID>
        <description>front axle-bearing</description>
    </item>
Acronym: XML external initialization Conversion to the euro of the transaction currencies and the transaction amounts that are related to the business partners for which you process the external conversion. Extra Intrastat info Statistical import/export data that is not available as standard information in LN, but which is required on the sales listing or the Intrastat declaration by some of the EU member states. You can add up to 15 data fields to the Intrastat statistical data by defining them as extra Intrastat information set. You can assign the extra Intrastat information sets to warehouse order lines. Synonym: Additional statistical information set fence The day number in the month, used to determine in which following month the due date lies. field A specified area of a record used for a particular category of data. FIFO See: first in, first out financial company set A set of financial companies for which you can set up specific tax data and/or generate reports such as the Intrastat declaration at a time. A financial company set can contain one or multiple financial companies. financial department The department that determines the financial company to which the transaction must be posted and which is responsible for the tax declaration in the tax country of the order. The financial company's home country must be the tax country of the order. The financial department is an accounting office of the financial company. If the financial company of the administrative department has a tax number in the tax country of the order, the financial department is the same department as the administrative department. first day number The start day-number of a week. first free number The first available number within a series. When you create orders, and so on, this number is offered by default. Series enable you to group orders of the same type by assigning order numbers starting with the same figures. first in, first out A method of inventory valuation for accounting. The assumption is that the oldest inventory (first in) is the first to be used (first out), but there is no necessary relationship with the actual movement of specific items. Acronym: FIFO fiscal ID In Italy, a number used to identify natural persons or businesses. fiscal number A number used to identify corporate bodies as well as natural persons for income tax and social contribution registration. fixed order quantity A predetermined, fixed quantity of an item for which planned or actual orders are generated. If the net requirements for the period exceed the fixed order quantity, a multiple of the fixed quantity is ordered. Generated orders always have a fixed order quantity. forwarding agent See: carrier functional currency The main currency the legal entity is doing business in. This currency must be used for corporate reporting and should comply with the US GAAP/IFRS requirements for functional currencies. general category A type of category. general data General archiving data constitutes master data from the following packages: Sales Project Manufacturing Procurement Warehousing Freight Financials Common People GEO code The code used together with or instead of address information such as the city, state/province, and postal code to identify a taxing jurisdiction. The tax provider determines the GEO code based upon the address information entered and the county and city selected. goods transfer The relationship that contains the information that is needed to transfer goods between two entities or between two enterprise units. goods value The total goods amount on the invoice. The goods amount consists of the net order-line amount excluding tax and the late payment surcharge. The amount is expressed in the invoice currency. grand total rounding To round the grand total amounts on legal documents that you send to your customers, such as sales quotations, service contracts, and sales invoices. For example, if the currency rounding factor is 0.01 and grand totals must be rounded on 0.05, you can use grand total rounding and define a grand total rounding factor of 0.05. gross/net Field concerning the printing of the discount on the invoice. Net: The line item discount is not printed on the invoice. Gross: The line item discount is printed on the invoice. group tax code A tax code that represents multiple individual tax codes. If more than one tax code applies to a transaction, you can link a group tax code to the transaction. For example, a group tax code can contain tax codes for: Value added tax Withholding income tax Withholding social contribution home currency One of a company's base currencies in which LN registers and reports amounts. In a multicurrency system, up to three home currencies can be defined: The local currency Two reporting currencies I-code See: Intracom code ICT purchase VAT See: intracommunity transactions purchase VAT ICT sales VAT See: intracommunity transactions sales VAT IDEP Abbreviation of Intrastat Data Entry Package. A third party application for the generation of EU Intrastat declarations. You can set up IDEP to generate the Intrastat declaration from the Intrastat data that you export from LN. implementation parameter The parameter that LN uses to decide whether a function must be used. For example, Use Tax Provider, and Factor Invoices. import/export The shipping or delivery of goods across national boundaries. import tax A tax, other than destination sales tax, that is levied on goods imported into the tax country. For European Union (EU) member countries, import tax applies to goods imported from non-EU countries. Incoterm codes A set of codes representing international delivery terms rules for the uniform interpretation of common contract clauses in export/import transactions, developed and issued by the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) in Paris. independent currency system A currency system in which all financial companies and logistic companies that are related to each other in the enterprise structure model use the same two or three home currencies. All transactions are registered in all the home currencies. Currency rates are defined between the transaction currencies and all home currencies. Transaction amounts are converted directly from the transaction currency into the home currencies. See: standard currency system industry code The codes that classify business partners by type of business based on a code list, as determined by the government authorities. These codes can be used to segment customers for territory management and campaigns. Examples of industry coding systems are: SIC (Standard Industrial Classification) and NAICS (North American Industry Classification System). inspection To measure, examine, test, or gauge one or more characteristics of a product or service. After doing this, you can compare the results with the specified requirements to determine whether conformity is achieved for each characteristic. Inspection is often performed on delivered goods upon arrival. intercompany settlement transaction The automatic postings in one financial company to intercompany billing and clearing accounts instead of invoices generated for sales/purchase transactions between the entities of two logistic companies. You must define the logistic companies as affiliated-company business partners and you must indicate that intercompany settlements can be performed for the business partner. intermediary In triangular trade situations, the intermediary is the party which creates the sales order and invoices the customer for the goods. Usually, the intermediate sends a purchase order for the goods to the supplier and an invoice to the customer. In addition, the intermediary can receive an invoice from the supplier. internal business partner A business partner that represents an enterprise unit of the same logistic company. The use of internal business partners allows you to model the goods flow between enterprise units and the corresponding financial relations, such as invoicing and pricing agreements. You must define all business partner roles for an internal business partner. internal EDI Receiving and sending messages between LN (logistic) companies on the same computer system. There is no intervention from any EDI translator/communication package. internal initialization Conversion of the company's home currencies to the target currencies whether or not in combination with the company's currency system. The home currency amounts are converted according to the general concepts that apply to the currency system. International Bank ID See: SWIFT code international country code An internationally accepted standard for denoting countries by using codes. For example, UK is used for the United Kingdom and USA is used for the United States of America. Internet address An IP (Internet Protocol) address is the numeric address of a machine, in the format used on the Internet. For example, the IP address of one of the University of Georgia's computers is 128.192.12.9. Intracom code An indication of the type of transactions that you conduct with the business partner. The Intracom code is required for the sales or purchase listing that is part of the EU tax reporting. Synonym: I-code See: Intracom declaration Intracom declaration A list of the tax exempt transactions with business partners within the EU. Intracom declaration is the term used in Belgium and Luxembourg for the sales listing. See: Intracom code intracommunity transactions purchase VAT The VAT that is levied on purchase transactions between EU countries. Synonym: ICT purchase VAT intracommunity transactions sales VAT The VAT that is levied on sales transactions between EU countries. Synonym: ICT sales VAT Intrastat declaration A statistics report on the physical goods flows between the member states of the European Union (EU). The information about the nature, origin, and extent of the goods flows must be reported regularly with an EU Intrastat declaration. These statistics must be reported regularly with an EU Intrastat declaration. The EU Intrastat declaration is required by the national tax authorities in the framework of the European Common Market since 1993 (EC '93). investment charge A shifted expensed purchase tax that can be imposed on investment amounts. Investment charge tax can be used to steer investments, for example, environmental investments can be exempt from investment charge tax. Investment charge tax can be applied to purchase invoices and to journal vouchers. Acronym: IVC invoice balance The total unpaid invoice amount. invoice delivery method A user-definable way to categorize invoices by their delivery method. LN prints invoices grouped by the invoice delivery method. Per invoice delivery method, LN sorts and prints the invoices within each ZIP/postal code by address. You can select a default invoice delivery method for each invoice-to business partner. invoice-from business partner The business partner that sends invoices to your organization. This usually represents a supplier's accounts receivable department. The definition includes the default currency and exchange rate, invoicing method and frequency, information about your organization's credit limit, the terms and method of payment, and the related pay-to business partner. invoice-to business partner The business partner to which you send invoices. This usually represents a customer's accounts payable department. The definition includes the default currency and exchange rate, invoicing method and frequency, information about the customer's credit limit, the terms and method of payment, and the related pay-by business partner. Invoicing This package is used to improve efficiency and user-friendliness. You can generate and print all types of invoices in Invoicing. This package enables the user to combine the invoices from the other LN packages. ISO code A code from a coding standard set up by the International Organization for Standardization. These standards and codes are internationally accepted. For example, codes for the representation of names of languages (ISO 639.2), codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions (ISO 3166), and so on. item In LN, the raw materials, subassemblies, finished products, and tools that can be purchased, stored, manufactured, sold, and so on. An item can also represent a set of items handled as one kit, or exist in multiple product variants. You can also define nonphysical items, which are not held in inventory but can be used to post costs or to invoice services to customers. The following are examples of nonphysical items: Cost items (for example, electricity) Service items Subcontracting services List items (menus/options) item code Identification code for an item (product, component, or part). The item code can consist of multiple fields or segments. item code systems External, alternative ways of coding items. Item-code systems can be general standard systems (for example, EAN) or specific, customer-dependent or supplier-dependent systems. item fiscal group A group of items with common tax characteristics. The item fiscal group data include: The usage type (for example, sales, fixed assets, raw materials, and so on) The fiscal category The tax code item group Group of items with similar characteristics. Each item belongs to a particular item group. The item group is used in combination with the item type to set up item defaults. item type A classification of items used to identify if the item is, for example, a purchased item, a manufactured item, or an equipment item. Depending on the item's type, certain functions will only apply to that item. IVC See: investment charge JIT item Just-in-Time item; an item of which the purchase is controlled by means of purchase schedules instead of ordinary purchase orders. The purchase schedule corresponds to a regular series of deliveries during a certain time period. job One or more sessions and/or shell scripts that LN executes without user interaction. You can schedule jobs to run periodically or at a specified time. Just-in-Time Manufacturing based on improvement of productivity in time and used materials. The basic conditions of Just-in-Time: To have only the required inventory used for current production. To improve quality to a minimum of defects. To reduce setup times, queue lengths, and lot sizes (reducing lead times). To reduce costs. landed costs The total of all costs that are associated with the procurement of an item until delivery and receipt in a warehouse. Landed costs typically include freight costs, insurance costs, customs duties, and handling costs. In LN, landed costs can be part of multiple landed costs sets. landed costs classification Attribute that allows users to link a logistic transaction to a specific landed costs set, overruling the landed costs settings of that transaction. If required, users can specify a landed costs classification and use this classification on the transaction. landed costs code A code that identifies landed costs. landed costs scenario A set of conditions used to determine a logistic transaction's landed costs. Each scenario is linked to a landed costs set. landed costs set One of more landed cost lines that are defaulted as a group on the order. The landed costs set includes search attributes that link a set of landed cost lines to a transaction. landed cost type A user-defined category of landed costs, for example, "Freight", "Handling", "Insurance." language The language in which the company communicates and in which the work instructions are printed. late payment surcharge The percentage that is charged over the goods amount or over rendered services that the recipient of the invoice must pay if the invoice is not paid within a specified period. lines of business Groups of customers and/or suppliers working in the same business sector. You can use lines of business as selection criteria when generating reports/inquiries of statistical or historical data. list group A way to group list items. For example, you can use an SLS list group to group list items used on sales orders. A list item can belong to different list groups. list item A type of item that consists of multiple components. The components can also be managed and ordered separately. The type of list item (kit, menu, options, or accessories) indicates how the components are related. List items are used to speed up the order-entry process. The order lines for a list item can contain main items or components. LN shell The LN shell is a program that runs the LN applications. The LN shell serves as an interface program between the LN applications, operating system, user interface, and database. This open systems architecture allows the LN applications to operate on all supported combinations of operating systems, user interfaces, and databases. Acronym: bshell Synonym: virtual machine local currency The currency of the country in which the company is located. Otherwise, the currency in which you report to the local tax authorities. In a multicurrency situation, you can use three home currencies. The three home currencies that you can define for a company are: The company's local currency Reporting Currency 1 Reporting Currency 2 local home currency The home currency that is the legal currency of the country in which the company is established. Tax reporting must usually be done in the local home currency. location The physical location that is associated with the data or transaction, such as a warehouse, production site, city, or country. Location is a mandatory field in Business Object Documents (BODs) for transactional data. log The process of storing every single transaction in a log file. logistic area A combination of logistic companies and financial group companies. A logistic company contains multiple enterprise units. Financial group companies contain one or more financial companies. The logistic company's enterprise units can be linked to a financial company within one financial group company. However, enterprise units can also be linked to financial companies within different financial group companies. Also, enterprise units within different logistic companies can be linked to one financial company. And finally, it is possible that some financial companies within a financial group company are not linked to an enterprise unit. logistic company An LN company used for logistic transactions, such as the production and transportation of goods. All the logistic data concerning the transactions is stored in the company's database. Logistics Service Provider (LSP) See: carrier logon code The identification code for the LN user. This code is used for system security. lot and serial set A list of the lot codes and/or serial numbers of an item on a sales order line. The lot and serial set can be used in invoicing or after-sales service. lower margin The lower margin is the percentage that the actual sales price is allowed to be lower than the target price. If this percentage is negative, the item can only be sold for a price higher than the target price. This is the case when the target price is the cost price. main category Defines the highest level of a catalog structure. A main category cannot be a member of another category. make-to-order Items made from raw materials and/or subassemblies entirely on the basis of a customer order. The end item is usually a high-tech standard product, configured according to customer specifications. manual order system An order system for items that are not planned by LN. You can manually create purchase orders and production orders for such items. manufacturer A supplier of finished goods. User-definable item grouping data used for sorting and selecting. mask A template that specifies the structure of an identification code. The mask defines the total length of the identification code and the way the code is divided into mask segments. See: mask segment mask segment A part of a mask that represents specific data. For example, a mask segment can be a date, a LN field, or a sequence number. See: mask See: translation table match code A code that defines a set of additional criteria that must be applied when self-billed invoices are automatically matched with corresponding order data. material The substance of which an item is composed, for example, wood, copper, nylon. This can be used to print collective cutting and sawing lists. maximum inventory level The maximum inventory quantity that can be available in a warehouse. minimum inventory level The minimum inventory quantity that must be available in a warehouse. multiple tax code A tax code for a type of tax which consists of several percentages levied by various tax authorities. multiple tax rates These rates consist of multiple percentages. multisite Relating to the flow of goods or information between multiple sites. Typically, these sites are located in various regions or countries, but they belong to the same group of companies. These sites are modeled as financial or logistical companies within LN. NCRS See: nonconsecutive record selection (NCRS) nonconsecutive record selection (NCRS) A method to select nonconsecutive records across multiple screens, after which specific actions can be taken on the marked records. To select nonconsecutive records, click the first record, and then hold down CTRL and click additional records. Acronym: NCRS number group A group of first free number series that you can assign to a specific use. For example, you can assign a number group to: Business partner codes Purchase contracts Sales orders Production orders Service orders Warehousing orders Freight orders Within a number group you can define multiple series. Each series is identified by the series code. The series numbers that LN generates consist of the series code followed by the first free number in the series. Series codes of the same number group have the same length. number of times used Test instruments can be calibrated on the basis of periodic intervals (time) or on the basis of the number of times they have been used. one-time business partner A business partner that represents temporary contacts. For example, if you occasionally sell goods to individuals with whom you do not have a permanent business relationship, you can define them as a one-time business partners. operational company The company to which a department, warehouse, or project belongs. In most cases, this is the logistic company in which the department, warehouse, or project was created. Logistic transactions originating from a department, warehouse, or project can only be created in their operational company. option A possible value of a characteristic. Options can be grouped in option sets. For each option, you can indicate whether it is acceptable. option A way to group related topics. For example, for the Country aspect you can define the various countries for which you want to implement specific functionality as options. option group A way to group the options on a high level. For example, for the Country aspect you can group the various countries into areas such as Nordic, Latin America, and Central Europe. option list ID The identification of the options and features for a configured item. The ID is used in the item specification to match supply and demand. order balance The balance of outstanding orders. order lead time The production time of an item expressed in hours or days, based on the lead time elements as defined in the routing operations. order method The order parameter that controls the ordered quantities of recommended purchase and production orders. Options: Lot for lot. Economic order quantity. Fixed order quantity. Replenishment to maximum inventory. order policy The order parameter that controls the way an item is produced or ordered. This can be: Anonymous, the item is produced or purchased independent of customer orders. To order, the item is produced or purchased only if customer orders exist for the item. order quantity The quantity for which the inspection is required. Consequently, the result of the inspection order concerns the quality of this quantity. order series A group of order numbers or document numbers starting with the same series code. The numbers consist of 9 characters. Series identify orders with certain characteristics, for example, all sales orders handled by the large accounts department start with LA (LA0000001, LA0000002, LA0000003, and so on). order system The order parameter that controls the way by which recommended purchase and production orders are generated. Options: FAS (final assembly scheduling). SIC (statistical inventory control). Planned (schedule-based and order-based planning). Manual (manual reordering). order types A classification of sales and/or purchase orders with similar work flows. Order types determine the character or function of an order and, consequently, of the message. Order types prescribe the chronological order of the sessions (order steps) in the order procedure. The main point is, that you must carry out order steps successively to process a purchase or sales order. outstanding order An order that is already entered into LN, but it has yet to be supplied. overdue invoice The invoice that has been left unpaid too long. overtime Time worked beyond the regular working hours. You can use overtime for the following purposes: For maintenance activities on objects not available for maintenance during regular working hours. To increase production capacity. overview session A session that lists the available elements or records of one type, and some of their details (fields). You can use an overview session to view, sort, add, change, copy, and remove records. own goods movement Goods transfer within your own enterprise, for example, between warehouses and/or work centers. parameter Data that influences the way a package or module operates. You define parameters in the Parameters session of a package or module to adapt the parameter to the specific requirements of your organization. Parameter Wizard A tool that you can use to group the parameters for specific localized LN functions and to set the parameters to specific values. parent/child relation Generic term to indicate parent and child elements in any multilevel structure. For example, this relationship is used for companies, financial accounts, dimensions, product families, customers, suppliers. parent business partner The business partner that links the various business-partners with different roles in a distributed business partner organization. If you define branches of one company as different business partners, the business partners must all have the same parent business partner. parent calendar A calendar linked to a child calendar, one level higher in the derivation hierarchy, and from which the child calendar inherits the properties. pattern exception Dates on which some action is defined as possible or impossible in deviation from the regular pattern. You can define pattern exceptions to exclude particular dates from a pattern, such as to exclude holidays from a working calendar. pattern moment A particular time on a particular date, defined by using patterns, times of day, and exceptions. pay-by business partner The business partner from which you receive payments. This usually represents a customer's accounts payable department. The definition includes the default currency and exchange rate, the customer's bank relation, the type of reminders you send to the business partner, and the frequency of sending reminders. payment method The way in which the payment (purchase invoice) or the direct debit (sales invoice) takes place. The payment method defines details such as, the maximum amount, the type of due date, if foreign currencies are allowed, and which details must be printed on the report. These details are default values that you can change on the order or invoice as necessary. payment period A number of days or months added to the invoice date. If no other due date calculations apply, the invoice must be paid within this period. payment schedule Agreements about the amounts that must be paid by payment period. You can link a payment schedule to the payment terms and, in this way, to sales invoices and purchase invoices. Each line of the payment schedule defines a part of the invoice amount that must be paid within a specific period, the payment method used for the payment, and the discount conditions that apply to the payment. Note In many sessions, 'payment schedule' refers to a payment schedule line. If you use receipts against shipments, 'payment schedule' refers to a shipment. Synonym: receipt schedule payment terms Agreements about the way in which invoices are paid. The payment terms include: The period within which invoices must be paid. The discount granted if an invoice is paid within a given period The payment terms allow you to calculate: The date on which the payment is due The date on which the discount periods expire The discount amount pay-to business partner The business partner to which you pay invoices. This usually represents a supplier's accounts receivable department. The definition includes the default currency and exchange rate, the supplier's bank relation, the number of days within which you must pay the invoices, and if the business partner uses a factoring company. peg A combination of project/budget, element and/or activity, which is used to identify costs, demand, and supply for a project. percentage of invoice amount The percentage of the total amount to be paid within the specified period. The total of all percentages must be 100. performance boosters Specific settings that can increase the performance (processing speed) of sessions. period Periods divide a year into regular intervals, such as weeks, months, or quarters, that can be used for statistical, hours accounting, planning, and cost controlling purposes. period code The identification of a period table. The different periods of a year, including the period number, start date and end date are linked to the period-table code. period number A number to identify a period in a year. period-table code An alphanumeric code that identifies a group of defined time intervals. physical quantity The dimension of the unit. For example, the dimension of kilometer is length, and the dimension of liter is volume. planned order system The production or purchase of planned items is based on the expected demand. Planned items are planned in Enterprise Planning. planning board groups Used to define the layout, colors and font of the graphical planning board. planning board unit The smallest controllable unit on the planning board. Its physical length depends on the technical display possibilities. planning group A planning group is used for segregation in planning of project specific demand and supply. Commingling rules and cost transfer rules can be defined on planning group level to control supply planning behavior of project pegged items within the planning group as well as with other planning groups. Note A project can only be assigned to one planning group. plan time unit The time unit used to express the availability of a resource in order to plan the resource. This unit can be expressed by day, day percentage, or the actual time of availability. point of title passage The point at which the legal ownership changes. At this point, the risk passes from the seller to the buyer. postal address The address all mail (for example, order acknowledgement, invoices) is sent to as defined for customers or suppliers. You can also record extra order-specific addresses. prefix A title used before a person's name, such as Mr., Dr. price groups Group of items with the same prices and discounts. Price groups can be linked to customers and suppliers. Price groups are linked to items in Sales Item Data, and used in Sales Control in price and discount matrices. price list List of default prices and discounts for customers and suppliers. You can link price lists to items and item groups, and to sold-to and buy-from business partners. prime cost The actual cost of producing an article, as opposed to money spent on selling it, on renting factories, and so on. product category Group of goods or services to which the same tax rules and calculations apply. Product categories are used by tax provider software to calculate the sales tax. product category matrix A matrix used to map the LN product relation types to the product categories recognized by the tax provider. The tax provider program uses the product categories to calculate the sales tax. product class User-definable item grouping data that is used to distinguish between different groups of items in a product line. The product class is mainly used as a selection criterion for reporting. product line A group of products made by the same producer, that are similar but differ in details such as, size, shape, color, and so on. User-definable item grouping data, mainly used as an item selection criterion for reporting. product relation The method used to identify the product category within LN. The product-relation type identifies the appropriate product category for each transaction in LN. Sales orders, purchase orders and service orders use the item or item-group product relations Service contracts use the contract-type product relations Finance transactions use the account-number product relations. product relation type Type of LN data which you can link to a product category for determining the correct taxability with the tax provider. Product relation types include items, ledger accounts, service contract types, projects, and so on. product type User-definable item grouping data that is used as a sorting and selecting criterion. The product type is intended for classifying items with similar characteristics for production purposes. project An endeavour with a special objective to be met within the prescribed time and money limitations and that has been assigned for definition or execution. prompt The name LN displays for a field. The prompt indicates the type of information you must enter in the field. purchase catalog Identifies purchasable items. A purchase catalog is defined as a main category and as a purchase category. purchase category A category that can only be used in purchase catalogs. Purchase categories can only be members of higher-level categories that are also purchase categories. A purchase category that is also a main category is called a purchase catalog. purchase-invoice-matching company A financial company that you link to an enterprise unit to match and approve purchase invoices. An invoice-matching company can be a different financial company than the one that is used to carry out the enterprise unit's financial accounting. In a multifinancial company structure, you can carry out centralized purchase-invoice-matching by linking a purchase-invoice-matching company to multiple enterprise units. purchase listing List with information about the origin, value, etc., of intracommunity purchase invoices. Companies established in Spain are obliged to use this information, along with the information contained in the sales listing, to make a tax declaration for their goods and services transactions within the EU. See: sales listing purchase office A department in your organization that is responsible for buying the materials and services needed by your organization. You assign number groups to the purchase office. In this way, you can assign serial numbers to: Purchase orders Purchase schedules Requests for quotations Purchase contracts You can also define a default warehouse where goods ordered by the purchase office must be delivered. purchase rate The factor by which purchase transaction amounts in a foreign currency are multiplied to produce the amounts in the home currency. quality group A group of items with similar quality characteristics. The data defined for the quality group are used as defaults for all items of that quality group. rate A charge or payment fixed according to a standard scale, for example, the currency rate of the transaction. rate factor The factor by which the amount in the transaction currency or the invoice currency is divided before LN converts it to a home currency. A rate factor is often used for currencies that have a relatively low price, for example, Korean Won. reason A user-defined standardized description of the reason for a particular decision or choice. A reason's type determines for which purpose you can use that reason. To give additional information about an action, you can select and enter a reason from a list. LN can also print the reason in the relevant report. receipt schedule See: payment schedule recurrence A repetition of dates, such as “Biweekly on Mondays and Fridays”, “The 27th of each month”, or “The first Monday in June of every 5th year”. reference currency The currency in which balances of entities shared by all the companies of a financial company group are expressed. For example, LN uses the reference currency for business partner balances. Note The reference currency is the common base currency of the companies in a multisite structure. For currency systems other than the standard currency system, the reference currency is a company's base currency for all calculations with currencies. relationship A relationship carries information between two enterprise units or between two entities. For example, two warehouses can have a relationship of the relationship type Goods Transfer. This relationship contains information that is used when goods are transferred between those two warehouses. reminder method The way in which the invoice-to business partner is reminded. This information includes the frequency of the reminders, if the reminders must be sent to the invoice-to or pay-by business partner or to their parent business partner, and if you charge interest over the amount. repair price book A price book that is used to store internal fixed repair prices. You can make a repair price book distinctive by its description. replenish to maximum inventory The (re)order quantity for replenishment equals the maximum inventory minus current inventory. report In LN, a general term for the output of a print session. reporting currency One of the companies' home currencies that you, for example, use to report financial results to management. In a multicurrency situation, you can use three home currencies. You can define the following three home currencies for a company: The company's local currency Reporting currency 1 Reporting currency 2 requirement The business reason that you define to describe exceptions used in unit effectivity. A requirement can be, for example, a specific market, model, or customer. resource An entity such as employee, work center, or machine. RosettaNet A standards organization that develops and publishes XML-based standards for electronic messaging in the areas of supply chain management, manufacturing, and so on. rounding code Set of up to six ranges of values and their rounding values. Rounding codes can be linked to quantities and amounts. They are used when you calculate, for example, purchase prices and discounts, sales prices and discounts, and warehousing rates. Example A rounding code can define the following ranges with their rounding values: Up to 100: round to whole numbers From 100 to 100,000: round to a multiple of 5 From 100,000 onward: round to a multiple of 100. rounding factor Indicates how LN rounds off entered and calculated amounts or quantities. The quantities and amounts are rounded off to the nearest multiple of the rounding factor. For example, if the rounding factor is 0.030000, a quantity of 2,11 is rounded off to 2,10 (= 70 * 0.030000). A quantity of 2,12 is rounded off to 2,13 (= 71 * 0.030000). The following differences exist between rounding factors for currencies and for units: LN applies the rounding factor for units immediately when the users enter the data. LN applies the rounding factor for currencies not to the amounts entered, but after performing the applicable calculations. In some cases, you can change rounding factors for units, but you cannot do this for currencies. route Line of travel from your warehouses to the ship-to or ship-from business partner's warehouse and vice versa. Use routes to group business partners that are located in the same area or along one convenient route. You can arrange addresses by routes to print picking lists and shipping notes sorted by route. routing group A group of items with similar routing attributes, for example, the same work center, routing operation, BOM, and so on. A routing group is defined by the user as a selection criterion for production orders. sales catalog Identifies salable items. Only sales categories or items defined in the Item - Sales (tdisa0501m000) session can be included in sales catalogs. A sales catalog is defined as a main category and as a sales category. sales category A category that can only be used in sales catalogs. Sales categories can only be members of higher level categories that are also sales categories. A sales category that is also a main category is referred to as a sales catalog. sales invoice amount The amount the customer is charged with in exchange for the delivery of the ordered goods. sales listing A list with information about the origin, value, etc., of invoices. Companies established in European Union (EU) countries are obliged to use this document to make a tax declaration for their goods transactions within the EU. LN bases the sales listing on the financial transactions that result from export transactions when the related invoices are processed. sales territory A code used to classify sold-to business partners by sales region. sample A small quantity that is drawn from the total (order) quantity and which represents the order quantity's quality. sample quantity When you draw a sample of a specific order quantity, you often do not want to test all the pieces at once. A sample quantity is the actual quantity that is drawn from the total sample size, and that is tested at once. sample size The total quantity of samples from the order quantity to be tested, expressed in the unit of the sample size. The sample size can be entered as a fixed quantity or as a percentage of either the order quantity or the frequency (if you selected Continuous Sampling as test type). seasonal factor Indicates the deviation from the standard quantity. The quantity on demand, in stock, and so on, during a specific period of the seasonal pattern is the standard quantity multiplied by the seasonal factor for the period. This information is used for forecast and advice. If the quantity for this period is normal, the factor is 1.0. If the quantity for this period is more than the standard quantity, the factor is >1.0. If the quantity for this period is less than the standard quantity, the factor is <1.0. seasonal pattern Seasonal patterns define the fluctuation of certain values, such as the expected usage or demand of an item in the course of a year. These values serve as parameters in forecast and advice. segmentation A subdivision of the item code in different logical parts, called segments. These segments are visible in the sessions as separate fields. Examples of segments are: Project segment Cluster segment Item identification selection code User-definable item grouping data. Use selection codes to select items by color, diameter, product expiry date, and so on. Note Selection codes are used for information purposes only. separator The character used to separate the segments of the serial number. sequence number The number that identifies a data record or a step in a sequence of activities. Sequence numbers are used in many contexts. Usually LN generates the sequence number for the next item or step. Depending on the context, you can overwrite this number. You can sometimes influence the numbering by setting the corresponding parameters. serialized item A physical occurrence of a standard item that is given a unique lifetime serial number. This enables tracking of the individual item throughout its lifetime, for example, through the design, production, testing, installation, and maintenance phases. A serialized item can consist of other serialized components. Examples of serialized items are cars (Vehicle Identification Number), airplanes (tail numbers), PCs, and other electronic equipment (serial numbers). serial number The unique identification of a single physical item. LN uses a mask to generate the serial number. The serial number can consist of multiple data segments that represent, for example, a date, model and color information, sequence number, and so on. Serial numbers can be generated for items and for tools. series A group of order numbers or document numbers starting with the same series code. Series identify orders with certain characteristics. For example, all sales orders handled by the large accounts department start with LA (LA0000001, LA0000002, LA0000003, and so on). service customer-owned warehouse A type of warehouse that you use exclusively to store items that are owned by the customers and that have been sent to the depot to be repaired or serviced. Receipt and issue of items does not affect the value of the warehouse inventory because the items are owned by the customers. Therefore, receipt and issue of items does not result in financial transactions. service reject warehouse A type of warehouse that you use to store items which after inspection are rejected. The items in a service reject warehouse can be: Repaired on a work order. Scrapped via a warehouse procedure. Returned to the owner. session An elementary part of LN the user can start to run an application's functionality. Usually, a session is linked to a main database table and a program script. In addition, a session uses zero or more forms, reports, and charts. The code of a session consists of a package code, a module code, four digits that indicate the main table number and the session type, an m or an s, and three additional digits, for example, Countries (tcmcs0510m000). ship-from business partner The business partner that ships the ordered goods to your organization. This usually represents a supplier's distribution center or warehouse. The definition includes the default warehouse at which you want to receive the goods and if you want to inspect the goods, the carrier that takes care of the transport, and the related buy-from business partner. Synonym: ship-from supplier ship-from supplier See: ship-from business partner shipment complete This advanced shipping constraint implies that all expected shipment lines will not be shipped until the entire scheduled quantity for the line has been allotted. ship-to business partner The business partner to which you ship the ordered goods. This usually represents a customer's distribution center or warehouse. The definition includes the default warehouse from which you send the goods, the carrier who carries out the transport, and the related sold-to business partner. Synonym: ship-to customer ship-to customer See: ship-to business partner shop floor planner The person responsible for printing, (re)scheduling and releasing production orders and managing workloads. SIC See: statistical inventory control signal A warning message displayed if you enter or select an item to which a signal is linked. Item signals can also be used to block the issue and/or requisition of items. Business-partner signal A warning message displayed if you select a business partner to which a signal is linked. single currency system A currency system in which a company uses only one home currency. See: standard currency system singular tax rates Indication for a single tax rate, as opposed to multiple rates. In Canada and the U.S., multiple tax rates can apply on the federal, state, and municipal level. Singular tax rates consist of a single, flat percentage. SITA Abbreviation of Societe Internationale de Telecommunications Aeronautiques. Among others, this society has defined a communications protocol that the airline businesses use for the communication between applications. The protocol guarantees delivery and messages delivered using this protocol are legally valid. site A business location of your enterprise, which maintains its own logistical data (item files, and so on). Sites are used to model the supply chain in a multisite environment. In LN, a site is represented by means of a three-digit company code. skill The specific know-how or technical expertise that an employee must have to carry out activities. For example, knowledge of electricity, specific equipment, and so on. SMS Short Message Service, a messaging system for mobile phones. social contributions (expense) Social contributions on behalf of your suppliers but for which you are liable. You must pay the social contributions directly to the collection office. You can register this type of tax as expensed purchase tax. sold-to business partner See: customer sold-to business partner Usually a customer's purchase department, the business partner who orders goods or services from your organization, that owns the configurations you maintain, or for whom you perform a project. The agreement with the sold-to business partner can include the following: Default price and discount agreements Sales order defaults Delivery terms The related ship-to and invoice-to business partner specification A collection of item-related data, for example, the business partner to which the item is allocated or ownership details. LN uses the specification to match supply and demand. A specification can belong to one or more of the following: An anticipated supply of a quantity of an item, such as a sales order or production order A particular quantity of an item stored in a handling unit A requirement for a particular quantity of an item, for example a sales order specific category A type of category. SSP See: supplier stage payments staggered consignments The delivery of several components of a complete product at different times. Staggered consignments are not declared until the last consignment is delivered. stamp tax A type of tax that is imposed on trade notes. Stamp tax consists of a fixed amount instead of a percentage. Depending on the country of your company, if you issue trade notes you can be obliged to pay stamp tax on the trade note. In some countries, such as Spain and Japan, to pay the stamp tax, you must stick a stamp on the trade note document. In other countries, to pay the stamp tax, you must buy an official form for the trade note. standard calendar A calendar that is used as the default calendar. For the seven days the week, the standard calendar defines the working times for each availability type. Other calendars are derived from this calendar. If a planning run proceeds beyond the end date of a calendar or its parent calendar, LN falls back on the standard calendar. standard carrier alpha code A unique code to identify transportation companies, used to facilitate automatic processing in the transportation industry. standard currency system A currency system in which foreign currency transactions are translated straight from the transaction currency to the local currency, without triangulation through the reference currency. By default, reporting currencies are directly translated from the transaction currency into the reporting currency; however, reporting currencies can also be translated from the local currency. state State codes are used in electronic filing of 1099-MISC Income. State codes are part of the address that is linked to the pay-to and pay-by business partners. statistical inventory control An order system in LN that generates planned purchase or production orders to replenish stock. The reorder point is usually calculated by adding the safety stock and the forecasted requirements during the replenishment lead time. SIC items are planned by Warehousing. Abbreviation: SIC statistics group A group of items for which statistical information is collected and represented. storage inspection Inspections on items in inventory which require regular checkup. To carry out these checks or inspections, you must define the items and the reason for inspection. The selected items are blocked in inventory after which inspection orders are generated. subcategory Defines lower levels (catalog pages) of a catalog structure. Subcategories can consist of items or other subcategories. subcontracted service The auxiliary item code for recording subcontracting operations. Items of this type also belong to the administrative items. These items are non-physical items which are used to record the subcontracting costs. (Formerly called subcontracting item) subcontracting Hiring certain services from another party, for example the execution of a part of a project or an operation of a production order. Subcontracting is considered as purchasing a subcontracting service. subcontracting item Obsolete term for an item code used for a subcontracted service. subcontracted service supplementary unit An extra unit in which the quantity of goods must be reported for the EU Intrastat declaration. The main reporting unit is kilogram in all cases. For some goods, a reporting unit must be used such as pairs (of shoes and so on), liters, head or pieces (for cattle), or square meters. Quantities of goods to which kilograms do not apply are only reported in the supplementary unit. supplier See: buy-from business partner supplier stage payments Spread payments that are made by customers to suppliers over a period of time. With stage payments, customers can make payments for an item before or after the item is actually received. An item's invoice flow is separated from its goods flow. Abbreviation: SSP supplier stage payment schedule A schedule set with supplier stage payment defaults used to generate stage payment lines on purchase order lines or RFQ responses. After specifying the desired schedule number, you can specify the defaults for a number of stage payment lines. The time fence between the order date and the invoice date, and the percentage of the total net amount are specified on a stage payment line. SWIFT code The international code for the bank, according to the rules of the Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunications (SWIFT). Synonym: International Bank ID synchronization The application of landed costs stored on order header level to the related line levels, after which they are stored as additional landed cost lines that cannot be changed by the user. table boosters A way to increase the speed of accessing a database table by loading the table or specific parts of it into memory on the server. tax account Ledger account to which you can post tax amounts. tax account group A group of ledger accounts to which the various tax amount types are posted. A tax account group can contain the following accounts: (Interim) purchase tax account Sales tax account Account for tax on advance payments Account for tax on advance receipts Contra account shifted tax purchase Contra account shifted tax sales Interim account for tax on payments Interim account for tax on receipts Sales ledger account Instead of specifying the ledger account for each type of tax amount in the Tax Codes by Country (tcmcs0136s000) session you can specify the ledger accounts at once by selecting a tax account group for the tax code by country combination. tax authority A government body with jurisdiction over the sales taxes in a specific area. You can set up tax authorities and tax authority groups for tax reporting purposes. tax authority group A way to group tax authorities. You can use the tax authority groups when you select or sort tax information for reporting purposes. tax base value The value that LN uses to calculate the tax amounts. Usually, the tax base value is the net order amount or the net invoice amount. However, for types of tax such as social contributions that can be charged on a part of the invoice amount, the tax base value can be a percentage of the net amount. tax category A way to distinguish and/or group types of tax for inquiries, reporting, and tax payment selections. For example, for social contributions the categories Unemployment and Medical insurance can be required. tax classification An attribute of order headers and order lines that you can use to define tax exceptions for the transaction. LN retrieves the default tax classification from the invoice-from and invoice-to business partners. For example, you can use the tax classification to indicate: That payments to an invoice-from business partner are subject to withholding tax and social contributions To group business partners that have the same tax aspects for your company, for example, subcontractors, or agents That the tax must be paid in a country other than the sales office or service office's home country tax code A code that identifies the tax rate and which determines how LN calculates and registers tax amounts. tax code exception A set of transaction details for which you define a tax code and/or tax country and business partner tax country other than the values that result from the standard tax code derivation. tax codes by country Definition of the country-specific tax data, for example, the type of tax (single or multiple), the collection office, the tax rates, and any text that must be printed on invoices to which a specific kind of tax applies. tax country The country in which the tax must be paid and/or reported. The tax country can be different from the country where the goods are issued or delivered. tax country group A group of countries that have the same tax relation to the company's home country. tax country set A group of countries in which the same tax regulations apply. tax declaration number A generated number that identifies each tax declaration. The tax declaration number contains the following parts: The tax year The tax period The correction number The tax declaration type The collection office The tax category, if present tax exemption Being exempt from tax. Transactions with specific business partners, involving specific goods, and/or with their origin or destination in certain countries or areas, can be exempt from tax. Sales invoices for transactions that are exempt from tax must have zero tax amounts. Some enterprises are exempt from sales tax within the jurisdiction of certain tax authorities. Invoices for sales to a customer with a valid tax exemption must have zero tax amounts. If you are exempt from sales tax, your suppliers must not include the tax amount on their invoices. tax exemption certificate A certificate issued by a tax authority to a specific business, exempting them from sales tax within the tax authority's jurisdiction. When you purchase goods or services, you must provide the certificate number to your supplier to authorize them not to collect the tax. tax library An algorithm LN uses to determine the tax code, the tax country, and other tax details of a transaction. For more information, refer to Search Order Tax Defaults tax number A number used to identify legal persons or businesses. The tax authorities assign the tax numbers to the registered businesses. Your business partners must provide you with their tax number. Business partners without a tax number are considered to be private persons. tax number A number used to identify legal persons or businesses. The tax authorities assign the tax numbers to the registered businesses. Your business partners must provide you with their tax number. Business partners without a tax number are considered to be private persons. tax number A number used to identify legal persons or businesses. The tax authorities assign the tax numbers to the registered businesses. Your business partners must provide you with their tax number. Business partners without a tax number are considered to be private persons. tax position Represents a box on the tax declaration form. To link the tax codes that contribute to the amount in a box to its tax position, you define relations by tax position. To add the box to the tax declaration, link the tax position to the declaration master. tax provider A third party application that facilitates the computation of tax for US and Canadian taxes. tax rate The tax percentage for each tax code. tax settlement LN links a tax code of this kind to the reversal postings of the tax amounts on the interim accounts when you pay the tax, and to the tax payments you make to the collection office. tax type Indicates whether the tax is payable at invoice creation or after the invoice has been paid. team A way to group employees for planning and authorization purposes. If you assign roles to a team, all the employees assigned to the team have the authorizations that correspond to the roles. technical coordinator The employee who is responsible for maintaining the technical item specifications and the requirements for the manufacturer of the item. This employee is also responsible for maintaining the information concerning hazardous material and the risk classification in Warehousing. tenant In a Software as a Service (SaaS) software deployment environment, a tenant is the client organization that uses the software that is offered as a service. No data is shared between tenants. The tenant is the top level container for all data. In LN, the tenant is always a constant value for an LN installation. Tenant is a mandatory field in Business Object Documents (BODs). terms and conditions agreement An agreement between business partners about the sale, purchase, or transfer of goods, in which you can define detailed terms and conditions about orders, schedules, planning, logistics, invoicing, and demand pegging, and define the search mechanism to retrieve the correct terms and conditions. The agreement includes the following: A header with the type of agreement and the business partner(s). Search levels with a search priority and a selection of search attributes (fields) and linked terms and conditions groups. One or more lines with the values for the search levels’ search attributes. Terms and conditions groups with detailed terms and conditions about orders, schedules, planning, logistics, invoicing, and demand pegging for the lines. terms and conditions attribute set A set that groups search attributes of the same terms and conditions type for use on the terms and conditions search levels. Search attributes not linked to the attribute set cannot be entered on the terms and conditions agreement for the terms and conditions type. terms and conditions group Groups the detailed terms and conditions about orders, schedules, planning, logistics, invoicing, or demand pegging for the terms and conditions line. terms and conditions line Holds the values for the search attributes of a terms and conditions search level. Therefore, it specifies the fields to which the detailed terms and conditions, as stored in the terms and conditions groups, apply. terms and conditions search attribute An element (field) selected on the terms and conditions search level and specified and searched for on the terms and conditions line. terms and conditions search level A priority level for searching and selecting a terms and conditions line. Search levels include a selection of search attributes (fields) and linked terms and conditions groups. terms and conditions template A default terms and conditions agreement, representing a business process, with no business partner linked to it. The level of detail of the template data is user-definable. Based on a template, you can do the following: Generate new terms and conditions agreements for business partners. Update existing terms and conditions agreements. Validate terms and conditions agreements. terms and conditions type Defines the type of terms and conditions agreement or template and is linked to a set of search attributes. Each terms and conditions type has its own search attributes. The following terms and conditions types are available: Purchase Purchase terms and conditions agreements can be linked to purchase contracts. Sales Sales terms and conditions agreements can be linked to sales contracts. Internal Internal terms and conditions agreements can be linked to enterprise unit relationships. test areas The physical location where tests take place. test instruments The tool that is used during a quality test to measure particular characteristics of items. test quantity The part of the sample quantity that is tested each time. Explanation: A 5 kg sample will be tested by testing 1 kg at a time. test unit The unit that applies to the test. For example, meter, liter, or kilogram.. title An expression used to address persons and/or companies. The title is printed on documents over the address data. tolerance The amount by which a value is allowed to differ from the intended value. tolerance percentage The percentage by which a value is allowed to differ from the intended value. tool class Tool category. Indicates if the tool: Is ready for use (single-piece tool) Must be assembled from components before use (multipiece tool) Is part of a multipiece tool (tool component) topic The function for which you want to define or set the parameters in the Parameter Wizard, such as Nordic Bank Files, the Belgian Balance of Payments report, the Intrastat report, and so on. transaction currency The currency used in the transaction document. transaction date The date on which the order is changed and/or written to the history file. For each change, LN inserts a new line and a new transaction date. This applies to any type of order. Among other things, the transaction date is important for: Scheduling Statistics Determining due dates and currency exchange rates transaction type A transaction can be an issue or a receipt. The following transaction types are available: material requirement planned receipt transition period A period from 1 January 1999 until 1 July 2002 during which companies can do their accounting in European national currencies and in the euro. translation table A table to translate the actual data into the code required to form the serial number. For example, to translate the production date into the date code. transport order A document describing the transportation process of goods from a warehouse to the customer address. The document includes information on the items to be conveyed (for example, standard items, user-defined items), loading and unloading time intervals and addresses, rate data and invoice amounts, the physical distribution route, and the quantity types. triangular invoicing The generation of internal financial settlements if goods and the invoice for the goods are sent by or received by different entities. The entities can be departments, warehouses, and internal or external business partners. LN automatically generates the internal invoices or the settlement between the entities in the financial companies that are involved. triangular trade Within the Europan Union, triangular trade refers to supplies of goods involving three parties of which at least two reside in EU member states, if one party ships the goods to the customer and another party invoices the customer for the goods. The goods are usually delivered to the customer as a direct delivery. Synonym: ABC transaction triangulation A legal rule for the conversion Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) into euros. LN automatically applies triangulation when converting EMU currencies. The exact text of this rule is: Monetary amounts to be converted from one national currency into another shall first be converted into a monetary amount expressed in the euro unit, which amount may be rounded to not less than three decimals and shall be converted into the other national currency unit. No alternative method of calculation may be used unless it produces the same results. triangulation conversion Changes the method for converting amounts in different currencies from regular to triangulation if EMU currencies are involved. triangulation indicator A code used on the European sales listing to indicate invoice amounts that result from triangular trade transactions for which no corresponding Intrastat transaction is logged. The code is prescribed by the government. unit The physical quantity in which an item or good is managed. For example, a quantity of wood can be expressed as a length by using the unit of one meter, or as a volume by using the unit of one cubic meter. unit effective item An item for which an effectivity unit can be defined on the sales order line or the sales quotation line. The effectivity unit is used to model deviations for the unit effective item, and to peg purchase orders and production orders to a specific sales order line for the unit effective item. unit effectivity A means to control the validity of variations by effectivity units. Unit effectivity enables you to model changes for the following entities: Engineering bill of material Production bill of material Routing Routing operations Supplier selection Sourcing strategies unit set A group of unit codes that can be linked to standard or customized items, or to item defaults. In a unit set, you can indicate the physical quantities that can be used for the item, in which modules, and for what purposes. upgrade price A price that is defined for a requirement in Unit Effectivity (UEF). If the requirement is used in an effectivity unit's configuration, the upgrade price is added to the effectivity unit's sales price. upper margin The upper margin is the percentage that the actual sales price is allowed to exceed the target price. UTC time The acronym for Universal Time Coordinated, the time system that is similar to Greenwich Mean Time (GMT). The UTC's reference point is Greenwich, England located at 0° longitude, the imaginary north-south line also known as the prime meridian. When it is noon at Greenwich, it is 12:00:00 UTC. VAT Acronym for value-added tax; the indirect percentage tax levied on products or services at various stages of production and distribution. VAT book A legal report of all value added tax (VAT) transactions of a company, in date sequence. The transactions can be grouped by tax articles, which typically group transactions that have the same tax percentage. verification date Date on which the existence, correctness, or truth of something are checked, such as facts, accounts, statements, the contents of a list. virtual machine See: LN shell W3C See: World Wide Web Consortium warehouse A place for storing goods. For each warehouse, you can enter address data and data relating to its type. warehouse set A group of warehouses with similar characteristics. A warehouse can belong to one particular warehouse set. weight The weight of the goods delivered or received. The weight is calculated on the basis of the transaction quantity and the item's weight unit. withholding income tax Tax for which the supplier is liable and which the payer of a purchase invoice withholds on the payment and pays directly to the tax authorities. The term "withholding tax" generally refers to withholding income tax and social contributions. withholding social contributions Social contributions for which the supplier is liable but which the payer of a purchase invoice withholds on the payment and pays directly to the tax authorities. working hours A defined period of time in a calendar for which a resource can be planned. In LN, working hours types are user-defined time elements to structure a calendar. working hours type A type of time interval such as Monday morning, Wednesday afternoon, or service weekend. For a working hours type, you can define defaults for start time and end time. working timetable All working activities that are entered in a report showing working hours by day. These activities include start and end times and labor types. World Wide Web Consortium An international organization for the development of standards used on Internet, and more specifically on the world wide web. Acronym: W3C XML See: extensible markup language year part Any part of a year (flexible period). year part type To indicate how the calendar data is grouped. For example, calendar data can be grouped by: Day Week Month Year ZIP code A number that identifies each postal delivery area. ZIP codes are used: To sort customer data by address/area. To determine in which taxation jurisdiction the address is located. To calculate the distances between delivery addresses. ZIP codes are printed on forwarding documents on which no further address data is printed. The ZIP/postal code does not appear in the address lines on order documents. zoom session The session in which you can browse through the available records and select a record. A zoom session is an overview session in read-only mode. You can use a zoom session to enter the code of an existing record (for example, an item, order type, or warehouse) in another session. |